Utvrđivanje majčinstva i očinstva u rimskom pravu i u kontekstu suvremenog hrvatskog prava

master's thesis

• Title (english): Establishing maternity and paternity in Roman law and in the context of modern Croatian law
• Author: Karla Ćebo
• Mentor: Henrik-Riko Held (mentor)
• Committee member: Henrik-Riko Held (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Karlović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tena Hoško (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Roman Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

U pravnim sustavima, utvrđivanje majčinstva i očinstva oduvijek je bilo od velike važnosti, osobito u kontekstu obiteljskog prava. Rimsko pravo reguliralo je roditeljstvo na temelju sljedećih regula: mater semper certa est (“majka je uvijek poznata” i pater is est quem nuptiae demonstrant („otac je onaj na koga brak ukazuje”). Te regule i danas imaju relevantnost u suvremenom hrvatskom pravnom sustavu. Ovaj rad istražuje kako su te regule oblikovale okvir koji hrvatsko pravo koristi za utvrđivanje majčinstva i očinstva, kao i kako se zakonodavni okvir promijenio kako bi odgovorio na suvremene izazove poput surogatstva i medicinski pomognute oplodnje. Iako rimsko pravo nije moglo predvidjeti ove suvremene metode rađanja, ono je uspostavilo smjernice koje su i dalje relevantne, osobito u pogledu djetetovog prava na podrijetlo i identitet. Hrvatsko zakonodavstvo, unatoč prilagodbi novim tehnološkim i društvenim okolnostima, nastavlja primjenjivati te temeljne regule, iako se nekada neosporno pravno majčinstvo sada može osporiti. U radu se također raspravlja o tome kako se, usprkos tome što reproduktivne tehnologije omogućuju neplodnim parovima ostvarenje roditeljstva, uz to otvaraju i nova etička i pravna pitanja. Ipak, unatoč svim tehnološkim dostignućima, idealan okvir za rađanje i dalje se temelji na emocionalnoj povezanosti i ljubavi između supružnika, što ostaje neosporan temelj obiteljskog života.

Abstract (english)

In all legal systems, establishing maternity and paternity has always been of great importance, especially in the context of family law. Roman law regulated paternity based on the following principles: mater semper certa est („the mother is always known”) and pater is est quem nuptiae demonstrant („the father is one to whom the marriage points”). These rules are still present in the Croatian legal system today. This paper examines how these rules shaped the framework used by Croatian law to establish maternity and paternity, as well as how the legal framework has changed to address modern challenges such as surrogacy and medically assisted reproduction. Although Roman law could not foresee these modern methods of childbirth, it established guidelines that remain relevant, particularly concerning the child's right to origin and identity. Croatian legislation, despite adapting to new technological and social circumstances, continues to apply these fundamental principles, although legal maternity, once unquestionable, can now be contested. The paper also discusses how, although reproductive technologies allow infertile couples to achieve parenthood, they still raise new ethical and legal issues. Nevertheless, despite all technological advancements, the ideal framework for childbirth remains rooted in emotional connection and love between spouses, which continues to be the undisputed foundation of family life.

• Keywords: podrijetlo djeteta; rimsko pravo; utvrđivanje majčinstva; utvrđivanje očinstva; medicinski pomognuta oplodnja; surogatno majčinstvo; obiteljsko pravo
• Keywords (english): the origin of a child; Roman law; establishing maternity; establishing paternity; medically assisted reproduction; surrogate motherhood; family law.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:556632
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistrica prava (sveučilišni magistar/magistrica prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-16 09:06:02