Međunarodnopravna ograničenja ratovanja s obzirom na osobe

master's thesis

• Title (english): Constrainsts on warfare relating to persons in international law
• Author: Lea Lozar
• Mentor: Davorin Lapaš (mentor)
• Committee member: Davorin Lapaš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Trpimir Mihael Šošić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Rutvica Rusan Novokmet (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (International Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-04, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Oružani sukobi nisu fenomen modernih vremena, kao ni potreba za ograničavanjem njihovih posljedica. Ublažavanje posljedica oružanih sukoba glavni je cilj međunarodnog humanitarnog prava. Nakon dugog razvoja, temelj tog prava postavljen je u Ženevskim konvencijama iz 1949. godine i Dopunskim protokolima uz Konvencije iz 1977. godine. Oni svojim odredbama pružaju zaštitu ranjenicima, bolesnicima, brodolomcima, ratnim zarobljenicima i civilima, uključujući posebne odredbe za zaštitu žena i djece. Tko izravno ne sudjeluje u neprijateljstvima mora biti zaštićen - to je glavno ograničenje ratovanja u odnosu na osobe. Takva zaštita pružena je žrtvama međunarodnih i nemeđunarodnih oružanih sukoba. Iako normativni okvir postoji, implementacija odredbi Konvencija i Dopunskih protokola nailazi na određene poteškoće. Glavni razlog kršenja međunarodnog humanitarnog prava je nedostatak provedbe postojećih odredbi, unatoč tome što postoje mnogi mehanizmi za njihovu provedbu, kako na nacionalnoj razini, tako i na međunarodnoj. Međunarodni odbor Crvenog križa ima ključnu ulogu u provedbi određenih odredba Konvencija i Dopunskih protokola, a svojim djelovanjem širi svijest i razumijevanje humanitarnih normi. Imajući u vidu izazove s kojima se i dalje suočavamo po pitanju zaštite osoba u oružanim sukobima, ključno je da se nastavi jačati usklađenost postupanja s odredbama Ženevskih konvencija i Dopunskih protokola, kao i kažnjavanje onih koji ih krše.

Abstract (english)

Armed conflicts are not a phenomenon of modern times, nor is the need to limit their consequences. Mitigating the effects of armed conflicts is the main goal of international humanitarian law. After extensive development, the foundation of this law was established in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols to the Conventions of 1977. These provisions provide protection to the wounded, sick, shipwrecked, prisoners of war, and civilians, including specific provisions for the protection of women and children. Those who do not directly participate in hostilities must be protected, which is the main limitation on warfare concerning individuals. Such protection is afforded to victims of both international and non-international armed conflicts. Although the normative framework exists, the implementation of the Conventions and Additional Protocols faces certain challenges. The main reason for the violation of international humanitarian law is the lack of implementation of existing provisions, despite the presence of various mechanisms for their enforcement at both the national and international levels. The International Committee of the Red Cross plays a key role in implementing the rules of the Conventions and Additional Protocols, while raising awareness and understanding of humanitarian norms. Considering the challenges we still face regarding the protection of individuals in armed conflicts, it is crucial to continue strengthening compliance with the provisions of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, as well as punishing those who violate them.

• Keywords: međunarodno humanitarno pravo; Ženevske konvencije; Dopunski protokoli; zaštita žrtava oružanih sukoba; implementacija; Međunarodni odbor Crvenog križa
• Keywords (english): international humanitarian law; Geneva Conventions; Additional Protocols; protection of victims of armed conflicts; implementation; International Committee of the Red Cross.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:663859
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-07 09:13:28