| Abstract | Hrvatska je pred izazovom ostvarenja načela dobrog upravljanja, i to na svim razinama, od središnje do lokalne. Posebnu ulogu u promociji tog novog pristupa javnom upravljanju imaju gradovi, naročito oni najveći u kojima živi i radi velik dio stanovništva, osobito onog razvojno najznačajnijeg i najproduktivnijeg, uključujući dobro obrazovane, poduzetnike, samostalne radnike i mlađe slojeve. Na razini Hrvatske, pitanje nepovjerenja provlači se proteklih tridesetak godina, otkako je Hrvatska nezavisna i slobodna. Dobro upravljanje gradom nužno je radi jačanja povjerenja građana u političke procese i vlast. Doktrina dobrog upravljanja nastala je na prijelazu u 2000-te, na temeljima kritike prethodne vrlo utjecajne doktrine novog javnog menadžmenta. Novi javni menadžment doveo je do zamućivanja linija političke odgovornosti, smanjene transparentnosti, veće korupcije, novih javnih troškova, zanemarivanja prava građana, ponovnog snaženja regulacijske aktivnosti države i drugih loših učinaka. Zato su Organizacija ujedinjenih naroda, Europska unija, Organizacija za europsku suradnju i razvoj (OECD) i druge utjecajne međunarodne počele zagovarati dobro upravljanje. Važna europska asocijacija, Vijeće Europe, zastupa razvoj dobrog upravljanja, pri čemu se mogu istaknuti dokumenti „Dvanaest načela dobrog lokalnog upravljanja“ te „Europska strategija za inovaciju i dobro upravljanje na lokalnoj razini“. Europska je unija utvrdila sljedeća načela dobrog upravljanja: otvorenost, sudjelovanje, odgovornost, djelotvornost i usklađenost (koherentnost). Otvorenost, sudjelovanje i odgovornost se odnose na demokratsku upravu i obnovu demokratskog političkog legitimiteta suvremenih država dok se djelotvornost i usklađenost odnose na efikasnu upravu i jačanje institucionalnih kapaciteta europskih zemalja. U posljednje dvije godine vlast u Varaždinu počela je s većim zalaganjem za transparentnost, učinkovitost i odgovornost prema radu i građanima. Tako je u gradsku upravu, gradske tvrtke i ustanove (grad Varaždin ukupno ima dvanaest tvrtki i dvanaest ustanova) uveden transparentni proračun, participativni proračun i proračun za mlade dok je racionalizacijom smanjen broj odjela. Gradska uprava je podigla razinu digitalizacije gradske uprave te je uvedena potpuna transparentnost putem web stranice grada a sve aktivnosti prezentirane građanima na vrlo transparentan način. Na internetskim stranicama grada građani Varaždina imaju uvid u sve potrebne informacije te mogu sudjelovati u davanju mišljenja, prijedloga za poboljšanje života u samome gradu što se do sada pokazalo kao učinkovit način komunikacije sa građanima jer naveliko prijavljuju probleme u gradu te daju dobre ideje kako bi se poboljšao život svih stanovnika. Institut za javne financije objavio je na svojim stranicama kako je grad Varaždin osvojio maksimalni broj bodova u istraživanju transparentnosti jedinica lokalne samouprave. Grad Varaždin bi takvim tempom za nekoliko godina mogao bi postati grad na koji će njegovi stanovnici biti ponosni, grad svih Varaždinaca. |
| Abstract (english) | Croatia is faced with the challenge of realizing the principles of good governance, at all levels, from central to local. A special role in the promotion of this new approach to public management is played by cities, especially the largest ones where a large part of the population lives and works, especially the developmentally most significant and productive ones, including the well-educated, entrepreneurs, independent workers and younger classes. At the level of Croatia, the issue of mistrust has been going on for the past thirty years, since Croatia was independent and free. Good city management is necessary in order to strengthen citizens' trust in political processes and government. The doctrine of good management was created at the turn of the 2000s, based on criticism of the previous highly influential doctrine of new public management. The new public management has led to the blurring of the lines of political responsibility, reduced transparency, greater corruption, new public costs, neglect of citizens' rights, reinvigoration of the state's regulatory activity and other bad effects. That is why the United Nations, the European Union, the Organization for European Cooperation and Development (OECD) and other influential international organizations began to advocate good governance. An important European association, the Council of Europe, represents the development of good governance, where the documents "Twelve Principles of Good Local Governance" and "European Strategy for Innovation and Good Governance at the Local Level" can be highlighted. The European Union has established the following principles of good governance: openness, participation, responsibility, effectiveness and coherence (coherence). Openness, participation and responsibility refer to democratic administration and the restoration of democratic political legitimacy of modern states, while effectiveness and compliance refer to efficient administration and strengthening of the institutional capacities of European countries. In the last two years, the authorities in Varaždin have started with a greater commitment to transparency, efficiency and responsibility towards work and citizens. Thus, a transparent budget, a participatory budget and a youth budget were introduced in the city administration, city companies and institutions (the city of Varaždin has a total of twelve companies and twelve institutions), while the number of departments was reduced through rationalization. The city administration has raised the level of digitization of the city administration, and complete transparency has been introduced through the city's website, and all activities are presented to citizens in a very transparent manner. On the website of the city of Varaždin, the citizens of Varaždin have access to all the necessary information and can participate in giving opinions and proposals for improving life in the city itself, which has so far proven to be an effective way of communicating with citizens, as they report problems in the city and give good ideas in order to improved the lives of all residents. The Institute for Public Finance announced on its website that the city of Varaždin won the maximum number of points in the survey of transparency of local self-government units. At this rate, in a few years, the city of Varaždin could become a city of which its inhabitants will be proud, the city of all Varaždins. |
