Zaštita kviritskog vlasništva u rimskom pravu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Protection of Quiritary ownership in Roman law
• Author: Manuela Petrović
• Mentor: Henrik-Riko Held (mentor)
• Committee member: Henrik-Riko Held (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Kosnica (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Karlović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Roman Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2025-02-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Ovaj rad se bavi zaštitom kviritskog vlasništva u rimskom pravu. Obuhvaća analizu koncepcije vlasništva, uključujući njegovo definiranje i njegova najranija razlikovanja te postupke u kojima se štitilo kviritsko vlasništvo. Rad detaljno izlaže o najvažnijoj stvarnopravnoj tužbi, tužbi za zaštitu prava vlasništva - rei vindicatio. Riječ je o procesnom sredstvu nastalom u rimskom pravu te razvijenom u okviru rimske pravne tradicije kojim kviritski vlasnik neposjednik traži povrat posjeda na spornoj stvari od posjednika nevlasnika. Tužba se razvijala od ostvarivanja zaštite u strogo formalnom postupku preko legis actio sacramento in rem do formularnog postupka koji je osobitu važnost pridavao formuli vindikacije. U formuli bi pretor surađujući sa strankama imenovao suca, odredio tužbeni zahtjev i ostale važne činjenice potrebne sucu za donošenje odluke. Da bi uspio u sporu, tužitelj je morao dokazati svoje pravo vlasništva, tuženikov posjed te identitet sporne stvari. Uz reivindikaciju, još jedan od najistaknutijih pravnih mehanizama zaštite prava kviritskog vlasništva bila je i actio negatoria. Ona je štitila kviritskog vlasnika nad čijom se stvari vršio sadržaj nekog prava bez pravnog temelja ili ako bi ga se na drugi način smetalo. Pritom vlasnik nije bio lišen posjeda nad stvari no djelovanja trećih osoba su bila takve prirode da su ga ograničavala u izvršavanju njegovih vlasničkih ovlaštenja. Upravo su ove tužbe i rješenja klasničkih rimskih pravnika bili od ključnog utjecaja za razvoj moderne pravne sigurnosti te predstavljali osnovu i za uređenje učinkovite zaštite prava vlasništva u suvremenom hrvatskom pravnom sustavu.

Abstract (english)

This paper focuses on protection of Quiritary ownership in Roman law. It analyses the concept of ownership, including its definition and its earliest distinctions, and the procedures in which the Quiritary ownership was protected. The paper gives a detailed clarification of the most important Roman action for the protection of property rights - rei vindicatio. It is a procedural means developed in Roman law and Roman legal tradition whereby a Quiritary, non-possessing owner requires the return of possession of a disputed property from a possessor non-owner. Its development can be traced starting with the first forms of judicial protection of property rights in strictly formal procedure in the legis actio sacramento in rem to a formulary procedure that attached particular importance to the formula of vindication. In the formula, the praetor, in cooperation with the parties, would name the judge, determine the claim and other important facts necessary for the judge to reach a decision. To succeed in litigation, the plaintiff had to prove his right of ownership, the defendant's possession and the identity of the object in dispute. Except for the rei vindicatio, there is also another prominent legal mechanism for protecting the rights of quirite ownership - actio negatoria. This action protected the owner from any unlawful interference, such as exercise of a non-existent right on another person's property or any kind of disturbance of a Quiritary ownership. In this case, the owner was not deprived of possession, but the actions of third parties were of such a nature as to restrict the exercise of his ownership rights. These actions and concepts of classical Roman jurists had an essential influence on modern law and were a basis for the regulation of effective protection of property rights in the contemporary Croatian legal system.

• Keywords: vlasništvo; revindikacija; actio negatoria; prava vlasnička tužba; stvarno pravo; posjed
• Keywords (english): Quiritary ownership; rei vindicatio; actio negatoria; property lawsuit; possession
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:452900
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistrica prava (sveučilišni magistar/magistrica prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2025-02-20 10:09:13