O (ne)dopustivosti upotrebe torture kao istražne metode u suvremeno doba

master's thesis

• Title (english): On the (in)admissibility of using torture as an investigative method in modern times
• Author: Danijel Horvat
• Mentor: Zoran Burić (mentor)
• Committee member: Zoran Burić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Elizabeta Ivičević Karas (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zlata Đurđević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Criminal Procedural Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Ovaj se diplomski rad bavi proučavanjem torture kao metode istražnog postupka razvijene kako bi se od okrivljenika iznudilo priznanje i na taj način državi omogućilo njegovo kažnjavanje. Najčešće se koristila kod najtežih zločina, a u srednjem vijeku i kod gotovo svih oblika kaznenih djela. Metode njenog korištenja variraju između mnogih zemalja, a povijesno su se razvijale i unapređivale iz godine u godinu. Tortura se primjenjivala još od antičkoga doba, a u Hrvatskoj je bila primjenjivana po uzoru na ostale europske zemlje te je najaktualnija bila u srednjem vijeku. Pitanje njenog ukidanja je prvi put postavljeno tokom vladavine Josipa II. i Marije Terezije koji su se za njeno ukidanje i zalagali. Tortura je oduvijek predstavljala svjetski problem, a najraniji pokušaji njenog smanjivanja uslijedili su donošenjem Opće deklaracije o ljudskim pravima te Konvencije za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda. Apsolutno ukidanje torture slijedilo je donošenjem Konvencije protiv torture i drugih surovih, neljudskih ili ponižavajućih kazni i postupaka koja osuđuje njenu primjenu u bilo kojem obliku, a na tragu iste je donesena i Konvencija o sprječavanju mučenja i neljudskog ili ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja. Iako je tortura danas u većini zemalja zabranjena i oštro osuđivana, sve više država istu primjenjuje ukoliko se pojavi problem od nacionalnog interesa koji je teško razriješiti bez primjene nekih njenih modela, barem u očima onih koji ju koriste. U sudskoj praksi nailazimo na sve više presuda Europskog suda za ljudska prava koje apsolutno osuđuju svaku upotrebu bilo kojeg oblika torture, bez obzira na opravdanje i koristi korištenja iste.

Abstract (english)

This thesis deals with the study of torture as a method of investigative procedure developed to extract a confession from the perpetrator and thus enable the state to punish the perpetrator. It was most often used in the most serious crimes and in the Middle Ages in almost all forms of criminal acts. The methods of its use vary between many countries, and historically they have been developed and improved from year to year. Torture has been used since ancient times and in Croatia it was used according to the model of other European countries and was most relevant in the Middle Ages. The question of its abolition was first raised during the reign of Josip II. and Maria Theresa, who advocated its abolition. Torture has always been a world problem and the earliest attempts to reduce it followed the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The absolute abolition of torture was followed by the adoption of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Punishments and Procedures, which condemns its application in any form, and in its wake, the Convention on the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment was adopted. Although torture is banned and strongly condemned in most countries today, more and more countries apply it if a problem of national interest arises that is difficult to solve without applying some of its models, at least in the eyes of those who use it. In judicial practice, we come across more and more judgments of the European Court of Human Rights that absolutely condemn use of any form of torture, regardless of the justification and benefit of using it.

• Keywords: tortura; metoda torture; Opća deklaracija o ljudskim pravima; konvencije; ukidanje torture; Europski sud za ljudska prava
• Keywords (english): torture; method of torture; Universal Declaration of Human Rights; conventions; abolition of torture; European Court of Human Rights
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:583046
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/magistrica prava (sveučilišni magistar/magistrica prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-19 06:44:11