Regulacija platformi za razmjenu videozapisa u Europskoj uniji

master's thesis

• Title (english): Regulation of video sharing platforms in European union
• Author: Dominik Barišić
• Mentor: Hrvoje Lisičar (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Lisičar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Jurić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tihomir Katulić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Information Technology Law and Informatics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Regulacija platformi za razmjenu videozapisa je porastom njihove popularnosti postala sve važnija. Takve platforme imaju određene specifičnosti koje ih razlikuju od ostalih audiovizualnih medijskih usluga te su uvele i korisnika kao aktivnog činitelja unutar platformi s obzirom da su videozapisi kreirani od strane korisnika. Europska unija odlučila se za strožu regulaciju takvih platformi donošenjem izmjena Direktive o audiovizualnim medijskim uslugama 2018. godine unutar koje su inače bile samo tradicionalne medijske usluge i usluge na zahtjev. Stroža regulacija takvih platformi doprinijet će većoj zaštiti kreatora koji učitavaju videozapise, ali i većoj zaštiti korisnika koji ih gledaju, posebno maloljetnika te javnih interesa. Platforme za razmjenu videozapisa mogu imati veliki utjecaj na društveno mišljenje o određenim temama te je potrebno da i same platforme porade na dodatnoj samoregulaciji kroz smjernice zajednice i kodekse ponašanja. Iako je stroža regulacija u direktivi dobar put kako bi se zakonodavni okvir u državama članicama usavršio, i dalje ostaje problem manjka transparentnosti od strane samih platformi oko postupaka i pravila koja koriste kako bi se korisnici zaštitili, na što se i sami kreatori videozapisa žale. Uz to postoje i određeni problemi u praksi poput primjene principa zemlje porijekla, netransparentne upotrebe umjetne inteligencije kao moderacijskog mehanizma te primjene instituta samoregulacije kao načina regulacije platformi. Kako bi se ti problemi otklonili potrebno je raditi na daljnjoj regulaciji primjenjujući iskustva iz prakse te promatrati u kojem smjeru će se platforme i sudska praksa dalje razvijati u kontekstu revizije Direktive o audiovizualnim medijskim uslugama.

Abstract (english)

Regulation of video sharing platforms has become increasingly important as their popularity has grown. Such platforms have certain specifics that distinguish them from other audiovisual media services and have introduced the user as an active agent within the platform, given that the videos are created by the user. The European Union decided for stricter regulation of such platforms by adopting amendments to the Directive on Audiovisual Media Services in 2018, which otherwise included only traditional and on-demand media services. Stricter regulation of such platforms will contribute to greater protection of creators who upload videos, but also greater protection of users who watch them, especially minors, and public interests. Video-sharing platforms can have a large influence on social opinion on certain topics, and the platforms themselves need to work on additional self-regulation through community guidelines and codes of conduct. Although the stricter regulation in the directive is a good way to improve the legislative framework in the member states, there remains the problem of a lack of transparency on the part of the platforms themselves about the procedures and rules they use to protect users, which the video creators themselves complain about. In addition, there are certain problems in practice, such as the application of the country of origin principle, the non-transparent use of artificial intelligence as a moderation mechanism, and the application of self-regulation institute as a way of regulating platforms. In order to eliminate these problems, it is necessary to work on further regulation, applying experience from practice, and to observe in which direction platforms and court practice will further develop in the context of the revision of the Directive on Audiovisual Media Services.

• Keywords: Ključne riječi: platforma; korisnik; samoregulacija; transparentnost; Youtube; TikTok
• Keywords (english): Keywords: platform; user; self-regulation; transparency; Youtube; TikTok
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:067521
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-09-30 10:49:34