Sustav pomoći i podrške žrtvama kaznenih djela

master's thesis

• Title (english): The system of assistance and support to victims of criminal offenses
• Author: Nikolina Fiuri
• Mentor: Reana Bezić (mentor)
• Committee member: Reana Bezić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anna-Maria Getoš Kalac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marta Dragičević Prtenjača (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Criminal Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-19, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Social Activities

Abstract

Položaj žrtve u kaznenopravnom postupku tijekom godina sve više jača i ima veći utjecaj na rješavanje kaznenih postupaka koji su orijentirani na žrtvu i u kojima se osobito vodi računa o zaštiti ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda. Smatra se da je položaj žrtve mnogo povoljniji u usporedbi s ostalim poredbenopravnim zakonodavstvima jer je svakom izmjenom zakona došlo do proširenja prava žrtve. Direktiva 2012/29/EU kao vrlo važan dokument teži osigurati da se prema žrtvama postupa s dostojanstvom i poštovanjem, uz adekvatno prepoznavanje potreba ranjivih skupina žrtava poput djece, žrtava seksualnog nasilja te utvrđuje minimalna pravila, koja države članice mogu proširiti kako bi pružile višu razinu zaštite. Uklapanjem spolnog odnošaja bez pristanka u kazneno djelo silovanja neće se riješiti problem pogrešnih kvalifikacija uočen u praksi niti će doći do strožeg kažnjavanja jer je i dalje moguće izreći uvjetnu osudu. Zbog toga se korisnijim smatra educirati državne odvjetnike i osigurati kontrolu uspješnosti kvalitete riješenih predmeta. Hrvatska je razvila mješoviti institucionalni model podrške žrtvama koji uključuje državu (Odjeli za podršku žrtvama i svjedocima) i nevladine udruge (organizacije). Organizacije pružaju širi opseg pomoći (stručnu psihološku i pravnu) i podrške za razliku od Odjela u županijama koji pružaju isključivo emotivnu i praktičnu podršku. Nedostaje više razumijevanja i priznavanja važnosti, uloge rada OCD-a te unaprjeđenja suradnje i umrežavanju svih ključnih aktera u pružanju što kvalitetnije pomoći i podrške žrtvama i suzbijanju nasilja općenito. Nepostojanje organizacija civilnog društva koje pružaju podršku žrtvama kaznenih djela u svim dijelovima RH ili pak neznanje o organizacijama koje u okviru svojih djelatnosti pružaju takve usluge ukazuje na nedovoljnu pokrivenost organizacijama civilnog društva koja će pružiti potrebnu podršku žrtvama i svjedocima kaznenih djela.

Abstract (english)

Over the years, the position of the victim in criminal proceedings has become increasingly stronger and has a greater influence on the resolution of criminal proceedings that are victim-oriented and in which particular care is taken to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. It is considered that the position of the victim is much more favorable compared to other comparative legislations, because with each amendment of the law, the victim's rights have been expanded. Directive 2012/29/EU, as a very important document, aims to ensure that victims are treated with dignity and respect, with adequate recognition of the needs of vulnerable groups of victims such as children or victims of sexual violence. Moreover, it establishes minimum rules, which member states can expand to provide a higher protection level. Including non-consensual sexual intercourse in the criminal offense of rape will not solve the problem of wrong qualifications observed in practice, nor will there be a harsher punishment because it is still possible to impose a suspended sentence. Therefore, it is considered more useful to educate state attorneys and ensure control of the success of the quality of resolved cases. Croatia has developed a mixed institutional model of victim support that includes the state (Victim and Witness Support Departments) and non-governmental associations (organizations). Organizations provide a wider range of help (professional psychological and legal) and support, unlike county Departments that provide only emotional and practical support. There is a lack of more understanding and recognition of the importance and role of CSOs’ activity and the improvement of cooperation and networking of all key actors in providing the highest quality assistance and support to victims and suppressing violence in general. The absence of civil society organizations that provide support to victims of criminal offenses in all parts of the Republic of Croatia, or the lack of knowledge about organizations that provide such services as part of their activities, indicates insufficient coverage of civil society organizations that would provide the necessary support to victims and witnesses of criminal offenses.

• Keywords: žrtva; Direktiva 2012/29/EU; organizacije civilnog društva; sustav podrške žrtava; silovanje; Odjeli
• Keywords (english): victim; Directive 2012/29/EU; civil society organizations; victim support system; rape; Departments
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:655692
• Study programme: Title: Social Policy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra socijalne politike (magistar/magistra socijalne politike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-09-22 08:21:56