Djeca pred međunarodnim kaznenim sudom - kao počinitelji, žrtve i svjedoci

master's thesis

• Title (english): Position of children at the international criminal court - as defendants, victims and witesses
• Author: Darija Drempetić
• Mentor: Reana Bezić (mentor)
• Committee member: Reana Bezić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marta Dragičević Prtenjača (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anna-Maria Getoš Kalac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Criminal Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

U radu se razrađuje problem sudjelovanja djece sa Međunarodnim kaznenim sudom. Preko 300 tisuća djece sudjeluje u oružanim sukobima u preko 30 država svijeta u svakom trenutku. Ubojstva, trgovina ljudima, seksualno iskorištavanje, silovanja, otmice, sakaćenje i drugi oblici zlostavljanja sve su više usmjereni na djecu i mlade. Posljedično, djeca sudjeluju kao počinitelji zločina, a često su istovremeno i žrtve i svjedoci tih zločina. Njihovo sudjelovanje nerijetko bude uzrokovano prisilom, drogiranjem i otmicom. Iako sudjelovanje djece u sukobima, a isto tako i pred sudovima nije novost, njihov položaj nije u potpunosti jasan. Na međunarodnoj razini nije određena minimalna dob kaznene odgovornosti djece i mladih pred međunarodnim kaznenim sudom. Iako međunarodno pravo eksplicitno ne zabranjuje kazneni progon djece, nepostojanje minimalne dobne granice ne određuje jasnu liniju koja razlikuje počinitelje od žrtava. Djeca pred međunarodnim kaznenim sudom upravo zato ponekad imaju i dualni status kao žrtve i kao počinitelji. Važno je prepoznati okolnosti i posljedice koje su karakteristične za djecu u tom slučaju kako bi se osigurali mehanizmi zaštite djece, poštujući prava kaznenog postupa i optuženika. Rad razrađuje pretpostavke koje se moraju ispuniti za sudjelovanje djece pred međunarodnim kaznenim sudom, zajedno sa relevantnim međunarodnim izvorima koji uređuju to područje te sudskom praksom međunarodnog kaznenog suda.

Abstract (english)

The paper elaborates on the problem of children's participation with the International Criminal Court. Over 300,000 children participate in armed conflicts in over 30 countries of the world at any given moment. Murder, human trafficking, sexual exploitation, rape, kidnapping, mutilation and other forms of abuse are increasingly directed at children and young people. Consequently, children participate as perpetrators of crimes, often being at the same time victims. Their participation is often caused by coercion, drugging and kidnapping. Although the participation of children in conflicts, as well as before the courts, is not new, their position is not entirely clear. At the international level, the minimum age of criminal responsibility of children and young people before the International Criminal Court has not been determined. Although international law does not explicitly prohibit the prosecution of children, the absence of a minimum age limit does not determine a clear line that separates perpetrators from victims. This is precisely why children before the International Criminal Court sometimes have a dual status as victims and as perpetrators. It is important to recognize the circumstances and consequences that are characteristic to children in that case in order to ensure child protection mechanisms, respecting the rights of the criminal procedure and the rights of accused. The paper elaborates the prerequisites that must be met for the participation of children before the International Criminal Court, together with the relevant international sources that regulate that area and the Court's jurisprudence.

• Keywords: Ključne riječi: djeca; međunarodni kazneni sud; oružani sukobi; kaznena odgovornost; djeca počinitelji; djeca žrtve; djeca svjedoci
• Keywords (english): Key words: children; international criminal court; armed conflicts; criminal responsibility; child perpetrators; child victims; child witnesses
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:123478
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-18 12:36:18