Oporuka u rimskom pravu s osvrtom na suvremeno hrvatsko pravo

master's thesis

• Title (english): Testament in Roman Law with the review of the Croatian Contemporary Law
• Author: Jelena Mešnjak
• Mentor: Tomislav Karlović (mentor)
• Committee member: Tomislav Karlović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Kanceljak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Henrik-Riko Held (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Roman Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Oporuka u rimskom pravu s osvrtom na suvremeno hrvatsko pravo

Sloboda oporučnog nasljeđivanja bila je jedan od temeljnih elemenata rimskog privatnog prava te je kao takva preuzeta i u suvremene kontinentalnoeuropske pravne sustave. S obzirom na to da je oporuka jedan od najvažnijih instituta kojima se uređuju imovinskopravni odnosi pojedinca, njezina relevantnost u okvirima privatnog prava ostala je nepromijenjena od njezinih početaka u okvirima rimskog prava do danas. Oporuka je kroz rimsku povijest prošla različite faze razvoja pri čemu je mijenjala svoje oblike, a i funkciju. Cilj ovog rada bio je izložiti razvoj oporuke prema pojedinim razdobljima rimskoga prava te vidjeti u kojoj je mjeri taj razvoj djelovao na koncipiranje oporuke u suvremenom pravu.
Usporedbom sa suvremenim hrvatskim pravom može se uočiti kako je rimsko pravo, posebno Justinijanovo zakonodavstvo, uvelike utjecalo na razvoj oporučnog nasljeđivanja u suvremenom pravu. Primjerice, vrste oporuka koje su oblikovane u Justinijanovoj kodifikaciji, ostale su u biti nepromijenjene do danas. Postoje određene, manje razlike glede formi i sadržaja oporuke prema rimskom pravu koje ovise o promjenama u društvenim prilikama, kojima se oporuka prilagođavala i tijekom rimske pravne povijesti. Osim toga, u suvremenom pravu također postoji određena strogoća kod sastavljanja oporuke, a sve u svrhu da se nedvojbeno utvrdi da je sadržaj oporuke u skladu s ostaviteljevom posljednjom voljom te da se nakon ostaviteljeve smrti izbjegnu razmirice između oporučnih i zakonskih nasljednika i da ostavitelja naslijede doista najbliže osobe, kako je on to smatrao.

Abstract (english)

Testament in Roman Law with the Review of the Croatian Contemporary Law

The freedom of testamentary succession was one of the fundamental elements of Roman private law and as such was also incorporated into contemporary continental European legal systems. Since the testament (will) is one of the most important institutions governing an individual’s property relationships, its relevance under private law has remained unchanged from its beginnings within the framework of Roman law to the present day. Through Roman history, the will has undergone various stages of development, changing its form and function. The aim of this work was to illustrate the evolution of will through different periods of development of Roman law and to see the extent to which this development has influenced the concept of will in contemporary law.
A comparison with modern Croatian law shows how Roman law, in particular Justinian’s legislation, has had a major impact on the development of testamentary succession in modern law. For example, the types of wills formulated in Justinian’s codification have remained essentially unchanged to date. There are some minor differences in the form and content of wills under Roman law that depend on changes in social circumstances, to which the will has adapted during Roman legal history. Moreover, in modern law, there is also a certain degree of rigour in the drawing up of a will, in order to establish unequivocally that the content of the will is consistent with the testator’s last will, but also to avoid disputes between testamentary and legal heirs after the death of the testator and the heir to be really the closest person in testator’s opinion.

• Keywords: Ključne riječi: nasljeđivanje; oporuka; vrste oporuka; nasljednik; institutio heredis; favor testmenti
• Keywords (english): Key words: succession; will; types of wills; heirs; institutio heredis; favor testmenti
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:304386
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-15 13:38:33