Ekonomija i starenje stanovništva

master's thesis

• Title (english): Economy and population aging
• Author: Adrian Tomislav Miletić
• Mentor: Ozren Pilipović (mentor)
• Committee member: Ozren Pilipović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nenad Rančić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ružica Šimić Banović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Economic Sciences); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-05-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Kraj demografske tranzicije i ubrzano starenje stanovništva predstavlja društveni i ekonomski izazov. U skoro svim dijelovima svijeta se intenzivira starenje stanovništva i smanjenje stope fertiliteta. Svjetska stopa fertiliteta ispod razine potrebne za obnovu stanovništva kroz dulje vremensko razdoblje rezultirat će smanjenjem svjetskog stanovništva. Mjere usmjerene prema podizanju stope fertiliteta zasada nisu urodile značajnijim rezultatima. Nedostatak radne snage kao posljedice starenja stanovništva postaje sve veći izazov za ekonomiju. Demografski procesi rezultiraju povećanjem radno neaktivnog stanovništva i sve manjim brojem radnika. Mirovinski sustav međugeneracijske solidarnosti uspostavljen u razdoblju povoljnijih demografskih pokazatelja čini se neodrživim. Troškovi javnog zdravstvenog sustava porast će zbog sve većeg broja građana u starijoj životnoj dobi. Reforme zdravstvenog i mirovinskog sustava u većini slučajeva ne nailaze na odobrenje javnosti i građana. Pojačana produktivnost i robotizacija su procesi koji će morati nadvladati demografske kočnice da bi se nastavio ekonomski rast u budućnosti. Neizglednim se čini nastavak značajnog ekonomskog rasta u zemljama sa nepovoljnom demografskom bilancom s obzirom na primijećenu korelaciju između starenja stanovništva i neznatnog ekonomskog rasta.

Abstract (english)

The end of the demographic transition and the accelerated aging of the population is a social and economic challenge. In almost all parts of the world there is an intensive aging of the population and a decrease in fertility rates. A global fertility rate below the level needed to rebuild the population over an extended period of time will result in a reduction of the world’s population. Measures aimed at raising the fertility rate have so far not yielded significant results. Labor shortages as a result of an aging population are becoming an increasing challenge for the economy. Demographic processes have resulted in an increase of the inactive working population and a declining number of workers. The intergenerational solidarity pension system established in a period of more favorable demographic indicators seems unsustainable. The costs of the public health system will increase due to the growing number of elderly people. Reforms of the health and pension systems in most cases do not meet with the approval of the public and citizens. Increased productivity and robotization are processes that will have to overcome demographic barriers in order to continue economic growth in the future. The continuation of significant economic growth in countries with an unfavorable demographic balance seems unlikely given the observed correlation between population aging and insignificant economic growth.

• Keywords: demografija; starenje; fertilitet; tržište rada; mirovinski sustav; zdravstvo; ekonomija
• Keywords (english): demography; aging; fertility; labor market; pension system; health care; economy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:555991
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-05-31 08:45:11