Utjecaj načela škole prirodnog prava na američku ustavnost - pravno-povijesni aspekti

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of the principles of the natural law school of jurisprudence on American constitutionalism - legal and historical aspects
• Author: Fran Markić
• Mentor: Zrinka Erent-Sunko (mentor)
• Committee member: Zrinka Erent-Sunko (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miran Marelja (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Obadić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (General History of Law and State); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-12-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law; History of Law and State

Abstract

Ustav SAD-a najstariji je pisani ustav te je temeljni pravni dokument najjače svjetske gospodarske, političke i vojne sile koji je u kontinuitetu na snazi gotovo 240 godina. Rad istražuje filozofske ideje i koncepte koji su utjecali na njegovo donošenje i na njegov tekst, a koji su produkt Škole prirodnog prava. Poseban naglasak stavlja se na utjecaj koji su Thomas Hobbes, John Locke i Montesquieu, kao pripadnici Škole prirodnog prava, imali na tvorce Ustava SAD-a. Pregled političkih događaja u američkim kolonijama britanske Krune u 18. stoljeću daje povijesni kontekst u kojem su Deklaracija o nezavisnosti, Članci o konfederaciji i trajnoj Uniji i Ustav nastajali. Posebno se analizira utjecaj Škole prirodnog prava na tekst Deklaracije o nezavisnosti i Ustava SAD-a, s naglaskom na prvih deset amandmana odnosno Povelju o građanskim pravima (Bill of Rights). Bogata ustavnosudska praksa Vrhovnog suda SAD-a uvelike je utjecala na prirodna prava koja za građane proizlaze iz ustavnog teksta, te je i taj aspekt američke ustavnosti obrađen u ovom radu.

Abstract (english)

The US Constitution is the oldest written constitution and the basic legal document of the world's strongest economic, political and military power, which has been in force continuously for almost 240 years. This master’s thesis explores the philosophical ideas and concepts that influenced its enactment and its text, which are a product of the Natural Law School of Jurisprudence. Special emphasis is placed on the influence that Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Montesquieu, as members of the Natural Law School of Jurisprudence, had on the creators of the US Constitution. An overview of political events in the American colonies of the British Crown in the 18th century provides the historical context in which the Declaration of Independence, The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union and the Constitution were drafted. In particular, the influence of the Natural Law School of Jurisprudence on the content of the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution is analyzed, with emphasis on the first ten amendments - the Bill of Rights. The rich case law of the US Supreme Court has greatly influenced the natural rights that citizens derive from the constitutional text, and this aspect of American constitutionality is also addressed in this thesis.

• Keywords: prirodna prava; Škola prirodnog prava; John Locke; Deklaracija o nezavisnosti; Ustav SAD-a; Vrhovni sud SAD-a
• Keywords (english): Natural Rights; Natural Law School of Jurisprudence; John Locke; Declaration of Independence; US Constitution; Supreme Court of the United States
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:882236
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-01-02 14:03:51