| Abstract | Institut priziva savjesti zaštićen je kao jedna od temeljnih sloboda u okviru slobode mišljenja, savjesti i vjeroispovijedi. Ustav Republike Hrvatske izričito jamči pravo na priziv savjesti oslanjajući se na čl. 9. Europske konvencije za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda. U javnosti posljednjih godina o prizivu savjesti najviše se govorilo u kontekstu odbijanja vršenja prekida trudnoće, koji nije primjereno dostupan jer ga u nekim zdravstvenim ustanovama svi ginekolozi odbijaju izvršiti uslijed svog priziva savjesti. Iako ne postoje službene statistike, Izvješću o radu pravobraniteljice za ravnopravnost spolova za 2018. g. pokazalo je da gotovo 59 posto (58,8%) zdravstvenih djelatnika odbija obavljati pobačaje. Prema podacima Ženske mreže ''Hrabra sestra'' iz travnja 2024. godine u Hrvatskoj 29 zdravstvenih ustanova ima ugovorenu uslugu prekida trudnoće na zahtjev s Hrvatskim zavodom za zdravstveno osiguranje, od toga u njih 6 ginekolozi uopće ne obavljaju pobačaj. Priziv savjesti u praksi može dovesti do ograničenje prava na zdravstvenu zaštitu i kršenja ljudskih prava žena. Manjkava regulativa omogućava zlouporabu prava i onemogućava pravodobno pružanje zdravstvene usluge. Dakle, u Hrvatskoj u području medicine izrijekom je priznat prigovor savjesti liječnicima, medicinskim sestrama, primaljama, zdravstvenim i nezdravstvenim djelatnicima u provođenju postupka medicinski pomognute oplodnje i farmaceutima (ljekarnicima). Do 2011. g. priziv savjesti nije uopće bio štićen u okviru čl. 9. EKLJP-a, već isključivo temeljem čl. 4. st. 3. EKLJP-a revidiravši to tek 2011. u predmetu Bayatyan protiv Armenije gdje je odlučio da je priziv savjesti prirodni dio prava zajamčenog člankom 9. Konvencije. Hrvatska nije ispunila svoju obvezu da cjelovito i efikasno regulira priziv savjesti i time mnogim ženama onemogućila reproduktivnu zdravstvenu zaštitu. |
| Abstract (english) | The right to conscientious objection is protected as one of the fundamental freedoms within the freedom of thought, conscience and religion. The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia explicitly guarantees the right to conscientious objection, relying on Article 9 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. In recent years, conscientious objection has been most discussed in the public context of refusal to perform abortion procedures, which are not sufficiently accessible, as some gynecologists in certain healthcare institutions refuse to carry them out due to their conscientious objection. Although there are no official statistics, the 2018 Report on the work of the Ombudswoman for Gender Equality showed that almost 59% (58.8%) of healthcare workers refuse to perform abortions. According to data from the Women’s Network "Brave Sister" in April 2024, 29 healthcare institutions in Croatia have contracted abortion services with the Croatian Health Insurance Fund, but in 6 of them, gynecologists do not perform abortions at all. Conscientious objection in practice can lead to restrictions on the right to healthcare and violations of women's human rights. Inadequate regulation allows for abuse of the right and prevents the timely provision of healthcare services. Thus, in Croatia, the conscientious objection is explicitly recognized for doctors, nurses, midwives, healthcare and non-healthcare workers involved in assisted reproductive procedures and pharmacists. Until 2011, conscientious objection wasn't protected under Article 9 of the ECHR but solely under Article 4, paragraph 3 of the ECHR, which was revised in 2011 in the case Bayatyan v. Armenia, where it was decided that conscientious objection is a natural part of the right guaranteed by Article 9 of the Convention. Croatia has not fulfilled its obligation to comprehensively and effectively regulate conscientious objection, thereby preventing many women from accessing reproductive healthcare services. |
