Povijesni pregled društvenog položaja osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama

master's thesis

• Title (english): Historical overview of the special position of people with intellectual disabilities
• Author: Gorana Radić
• Mentor: Marko Buljevac (mentor)
• Committee member: Marko Buljevac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Silvia Rusac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Milić Babić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Social Work Studies); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Social Activities

Abstract

U proučavanju povijesti intelektualnih teškoća postavljaju se pitanja u kojoj mjeri se terminologija podudara s današnjim pojmom intelektualnih teškoća i koliko su postojeći dokumenti i znanstveni radovi vjerodostojni s obzirom na to da ih nisu pisali povjesničari te da su česte greške koje se zbog sekundarnog referenciranja prikazuju kao istinite činjenice. Kroz povijest osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama su bile ubijane, korištene kao robovi, kućni ljubimci i u svrhe razonode na predstavama frikova. Prisilno su institucionalizirane, a tretmani liječenja su bili dehumanizirajući. Nad njima se provodila sterilizacija te su bile žrtve eugeničkog pokreta. Sredinom prošlog stoljeća dolazi do poboljšanja položaja i razvoja pokreta neovisnog življenja i filozofije inkluzije. No osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama se nalaze na marginama našeg društva i danas. Kvaliteta njihovog života dodatno se narušava u vrijeme pandemije kada im se oduzimaju temeljna prava i slobode. Socijalni radnici imaju ključnu ulogu u zagovaranju prava osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama, a svoj rad moraju temeljiti na znanju i aktivnom uključivanju osobe u proces donošenja odluka. Pri svemu tome moraju biti svjesni svojih kompetencija i važnosti očuvanja mentalnog zdravlja te stvaranja dobrih profesionalnih odnosa kako bi ublažili profesionalni stres i prevenirali nastanak sindroma sagorijevanja. Socijalna politika Republike Hrvatske ispred sebe ima izazov donošenja mjera kojima će se poboljšati dostupnost izvaninstitucijskih usluga u zajednici, deinstitucionalizacija provesti u praksi te poboljšati sveukupan društveni položaj osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama.

Abstract (english)

While studying the history of intellectual disabilities, questions arise as to which extent the terminology coincides with todays concept of intellectual disabilities and how credible the existing documents and scientific works are. Due to the fact that they were not written by historians and that there are frequent errors that are presented as true facts due to secondary referencing. Throughout history, people with intellectual disabilities have been killed, used as slaves, pets and for entertainment purposes at freak shows. They were forcibly institutionalized, and the medical treatments were dehumanizing. They were sterilized and were victims of the eugenics movement. In the middle of the last century, there was an improvement in the position and development of the independent living movement and the philosophy of inclusion. Even tough people with intellectual disabilities are still on the margins of our society today. The quality of their life is further impaired during the pandemic period when their fundamental rights and freedoms are taken away. Social workers have a key role in advocating the rights of people with intellectual disabilities, and they must base their work on knowledge and the active involvement of the person with disabilities in the decision-making process. With all this, they must be aware of their competences and the
importance of preserving mental health and creating good professional relationships in order to alleviate professional stress and the occurrence of burnout syndrome. The social policy of the Republic of Croatia faces the challenge of adopting measures that will improve the availability of extra-institutional services in the community, put deinstitutionalization into practice, and improve the overall social position of people with intellectual disabilities.

• Keywords: osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama; društveni položaj; povijesni pregled; socijalni rad; socijalna politika
• Keywords (english): people with intellectual disabilities; social position; historical overview; social work; social policy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:750932
• Study programme: Title: Social Policy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra socijalne politike (magistar/magistra socijalne politike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-09-16 07:23:52