Pravnopovijesna analiza položaja Krima u SSSR-u s naglaskom na ustavnopravne elemente

master's thesis

• Title (english): Legal-historian analysis on the position of Crimea region in the USSR with a special emphasis on constitutional
• Author: Lucija Katalinić
• Mentor: Danijel Javorić Barić (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijel Javorić Barić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miran Marelja (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrinka Erent-Sunko (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (General History of Law and State); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-08-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law

Abstract

Ustav iz 1936. se uobičajeno naziva Staljinov ustav zbog njegove značajne uloge u kreiranju nacrta teksta i davanju potpore za ratifikaciju ustava u prosincu 1936., kada je ustav jednoglasno izglasan. Tada mu se tepalo kao najdemokratskijem ustavu, a narodu je predstavljen kao rezultat svih postignuća i pobjeda sovjetskoga radnika. Ustav iz 1936. počivao je na temelju dobrovoljnog udruživanja ravnopravnih sovjetskih socijalističkih republika. Savez je pak u međurepubličkim odnosima isticao svoj primat kroz odobravanje promjena granica između republika kao i uspostavljanja novih autonomnih regija i teritorija. Upravo je ta odrednica ustava pravni temelj odluke O predaji Krimske oblasti iz sustava Ruske Federacije – sustavu Ukrajinske SSR koju donosi partijski vrh 1954. godine, darujući tako poluotok SSR Ukrajini, u znak vječnog prijateljstva ruskog i ukrajinskog stanovništva. Takva odluka u tom trenutku nije imala većih posljedica za stanovništvo poluotoka, s obzirom da je bila riječ o administrativnoj preraspodjeli teritorija unutar tadašnje jedinstvene socijalističke republike, no situacija se mijenja raspadom SSSR-a. Pregledom novije pravne povijesti Krima nastojala se u kontekst staviti posljednja cjelina ovog rada koja se osvrće na aktualnu temu ukrajinske krize koja se odvijala 2014. godine i u konačnici rezultirala ruskom aneksijom Krima. Takav je ruski politički potez 2014. osuđivan od strane međunarodne zajednice, a ovim se radom analiziraju i međunarodnopravni instituti kojima je Ruska Federacija nastojala opravdati vojna intervencija na ukrajinskom teritoriju.

Abstract (english)

The 1936 Constitution is commonly referred to as Stalin's Constitution because of his significant role in drafting the text and providing support for the ratification of the constitution in December 1936, when the constitution was unanimously approved. At that time, it was considered the most democratic constitution and it was presented to the people as the result of all the achievements and victories of the Soviet worker. The 1936 constitution was based on the voluntary association of equal Soviet socialist republics. The alliance emphasized its primacy in inter-republic relations by approving border changes between republics as well as the establishment of new autonomous regions and territories. This provision of the constitution is the legal basis of The decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet transferring the Crimea Oblast from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR, adopted by the party leadership in 1954, thus gifting the peninsula to the SSR Ukraine, as a sign of eternal friendship between the Russian and Ukrainian populations. At the time, such a decision had no major consequences for the population of the peninsula, considering that it was an administrative redistribution of territory within the then single socialist republic, but the situation changed with the collapse of the USSR. By reviewing the recent legal history of Crimea, an attempt was made to put the last part of this work into context, which looks at the current topic of the Ukrainian crisis that took place in 2014 and ultimately resulted in the Russian annexation of Crimea. Such a Russian political move in 2014 was condemned by the international community, and this work also analyses the international law institutes that the Russian Federation used to justify its military intervention on Ukrainian territory.

• Keywords: Aneksija Krima; Ustav SSSR-a iz 1936.; Ukrajinska kriza 2014.; Krim; Ruska Federacija; Ukrajina; Pravo na samoodređenje
• Keywords (english): Annexation of Crimea; 1936 Constitution of the USSR; 2014 Ukrainian crisis; Crimea; Russian Federation; Ukraine; Right to self-determination
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:096812
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-08-30 06:36:13