Uredba 157. Ujedinjenih naroda i napredni sustavi automatizirane vožnje

master's thesis

• Title (english): United Nations Regulation 157 and Advanced Autonomous Driving Systems
• Author: Luka Banožić
• Mentor: Mišo Mudrić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mišo Mudrić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenko Marin (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Iva Savić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Law; (Maritime and General Transport Law); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Law; Maritime and General Traffic Law

Abstract

Ovaj rad pruža prikaz odredbi prvog međunarodnog ugovora koji se tiče razine 3 autonomne
vožnje, UN Uredbe br. 157 „Jedinstvene odredbe koje se odnose na homologaciju vozila s
obzirom na sustav za održavanje vozila u traci“. U centru promatranja je sustav za održavanje
vozila u traci (ALKS) koji, pod određenim uvjetima, upravlja vozilom umjesto vozača, koji u
svakom trenutku mora biti dostupan i spreman preuzeti kontrolu nad upravljanjem vozila. Da
bi neko vozilo bilo opremljeno ALKS-om, ono mora proći postupak homologacije vozila koje
provodi nadležno tijelo za homologaciju vozila. ALKS prepoznaje i prati vozačevu dostupnost
i pažljivost te u slučaju da utvrdi vozačevu nedostupnost inicira postupak preuzimanje kontrole
nad upravljanjem. U slučaju opasnosti od neposrednog sudara ALKS je napravljen kako bi
mogao predvidjeti i spriječiti svaki sudar koji bi mogao izbjeći vješt i pažljiv vozač, no sudar
neće uvijek biti uspješno izbjegnut. Rad daje prikaz različitih scenarija, u slučaju kojih ALKS
možda neće uspjeti izbjeći sudar te prikaz načina na koji ALKS uspješno izbjegava sudar. U
slučaju da do sudara ipak dođe, ALKS dovodi vozilo u stanje mirovanja, a ALKS-ov sustav za
pohranu podataka (svojevrsna ALKS crna kutija) bilježi podatke te omogućava razjašnjenje
uzroka nesreće. Izmjenama i dopunama koje su donesene 2021. i 2022. godine proširena je
primjena ALKS-a koji više ne služi samo za vožnju pri malim brzinama kao što je to
ograničavao izvorni tekst Uredbe, već omogućava postizanje brzine i do 130 km/h.

Abstract (english)

This paper provides an overview of the provisions of the first international agreement
concerning level 3 of the autonomous driving, UN Regulation No. 157 „Uniform provisions
concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to Automated Lane Keeping Systems“. At the
centre of the observation is the automated lane keeping system (ALKS) which, in certain
conditoins performs driving task instead of driver, who must be available at all times and ready
to take back control of the vehicle. In order for a vehicle to be equipped with ALKS it must pass
the vehicle type-approval procedure carried out by the competent vehicle-type authority. ALKS
recognises driver's availabillity and attentivness, and in case it determines drive's
unavailabillity, initiates the transitoin demand procedure. In the event of an imminent collision
risk, ALKS is designed to avoid any collision that could be avoided by a skilled and careful
driver, but the collision will not always be successfully avoided. The paper provides an
overview of different scenarios, in which case ALKS may fail to avoid the collision and an
overview of how ALKS successfully avoids collision. In the event of of a collision, ALKS is
designed to bring the vehicle to a standstill, and ALKS data storage system (a kind of black
box for ALKS) records the data and makes it possible to clarify the cause of the accident. The
amendments adopted in 2021 and 2022 extended the application of the ALKS, which no longer
serves only for low speed driving, as limited by the original text of the Regulation, but also
allows ALKS to reach the speed up to 130 km/h.

• Keywords: ALKS; autonomna vožnja; homologacija vozila; sudar; osiguranje; odgovornost
• Keywords (english): ALKS; autonomous driving; type-approval; collision; insurance; liability
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:199:185276
• Study programme: Title: Law; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra prava (magistar/magistra prava)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-08 07:39:56